ഫലകം:രാസമൂലകങ്ങളുടെ പട്ടിക
ദൃശ്യരൂപം
Z | പ്രതീകം | മൂലകം | പദോൽപ്പത്തി[1][2] | ഗ്രൂപ്പ് | പിരീഡ് | അറ്റോമിക ഭാരം[3][4] (u (±)) | സാന്ദ്രത (g/cm3) | ദ്രവണാങ്കം (K) [5] | ക്വഥനാങ്കം (K) | C[I] (J/g · K) | χ[I] | Abundance in Earth's crust[II] (mg/kg) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H | ഹൈഡ്രജൻ | ' ജലത്തെ ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നത്' എന്നർത്തം വരുന്ന ഗ്രീക് പദങ്ങളായ ഹൈഡ്രോ- , -ജെൻ എന്നീ പദങ്ങളുടെ സന്ധി | 1 | 1 | 1.008[III][IV][V][VI] | 0.00008988 | 14.01 | 20.28 | 14.304 | 2.20 | 1400 | |
2 | He | ഹീലിയം | 'സൂര്യൻ' എന്നർത്ഥം വരുന്ന ഗ്രീക് പദമായ ഹീലിയോസ് | 18 | 1 | 4.002602(2)[III][V] | 0.0001785 | 0.95[VII] | 4.22 | 5.193 | – | 0.008 | |
3 | Li | ലിഥിയം | 'കല്ല്' എന്നർത്ഥമുള്ള ഗ്രീക് പദമായ ലിഥോസ് | 1 | 2 | 6.94[III][IV][V][VIII][VI] | 0.534 | 453.69 | 1560 | 3.582 | 0.98 | 20 | |
4 | Be | ബെറീലിയം | ബെറൈൽ, എന്ന ധാതു | 2 | 2 | 9.0121831(5) | 1.85 | 1560 | 2742 | 1.825 | 1.57 | 2.8 | |
5 | B | ബോറോൺ | borax, a mineral | 13 | 2 | 10.81[III][IV][V][VI] | 2.34 | 2349 | 4200 | 1.026 | 2.04 | 10 | |
6 | C | കാർബൺ | കൽക്കരി എന്നർത്ഥം വരുന്ന ലാറ്റിൻ പദം കാർബോ | 14 | 2 | 12.011[III][V][VI] | 2.267 | 3800 | 4300 | 0.709 | 2.55 | 200 | |
7 | N | നൈട്രജൻ | 'നൈറ്റെർ-ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നത് എന്നർത്ഥത്തിൽ ഗ്രീക് പദങ്ങളായ 'നൈട്രോൺ-' '-ജെൻ' എന്നിവയുടെ സന്ധി' | 15 | 2 | 14.007[III][V][VI] | 0.0012506 | 63.15 | 77.36 | 1.04 | 3.04 | 19 | |
8 | O | ഓക്സിജൻ | 'ആസിഡ്-ഉണ്ടാക്കുന്നത് എന്നർത്ഥത്തിൽ ഗ്രീക് പദങ്ങളായ 'ഓക്സി-'(ആസിഡ്) '-ജെൻ' എന്നിവയുടെ സന്ധി | 16 | 2 | 15.999[III][V][VI] | 0.001429 | 54.36 | 90.20 | 0.918 | 3.44 | 461000 | |
9 | F | ഫ്ലൂറിൻ | 'ഒഴുകുക' എന്നർത്ഥമുള്ള ലാറ്റിൻ പദമായ ഫ്ലൂറെ | 17 | 2 | 18.998403163(6) | 0.001696 | 53.53 | 85.03 | 0.824 | 3.98 | 585 | |
10 | Ne | നിയോൺ | 'പുതിയത്' എന്നർത്ഥമുള്ള ഗ്രീക് പദമായ നിയോസ് | 18 | 2 | 20.1797(6)[III][IV] | 0.0008999 | 24.56 | 27.07 | 1.03 | – | 0.005 | |
11 | Na | സോഡിയം | നേട്രിയം എന്ന ലാറ്റിൻ വാക്ക് | 1 | 3 | 22.98976928(2) | 0.971 | 370.87 | 1156 | 1.228 | 0.93 | 23600 | |
12 | Mg | മഗ്നീഷ്യം | ഗ്രീസിലെ മഗ്നേഷ്യ എന്ന സ്ഥലവുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട് | 2 | 3 | 24.305[VI] | 1.738 | 923 | 1363 | 1.023 | 1.31 | 23300 | |
13 | Al | അലുമിനിയം | അലൂമിന എന്ന സംയുക്തം | 13 | 3 | 26.9815385(7) | 2.698 | 933.47 | 2792 | 0.897 | 1.61 | 82300 | |
14 | Si | സിലിക്കൺ | അനലാശ്മത്തിന്റെ ലാറ്റിൻ നാമമായ സിലെക്സ് | 14 | 3 | 28.085[V][VI] | 2.3296 | 1687 | 3538 | 0.705 | 1.9 | 282000 | |
15 | P | ഫോസ്ഫറസ് | 'പ്രകാശം വഹിക്കുന്നത്' എന്നർത്ഥമുള്ള ഗ്രീക് പദമായ ഫൂസ്ഫോറസ് | 15 | 3 | 30.973761998(5) | 1.82 | 317.30 | 550 | 0.769 | 2.19 | 1050 | |
16 | S | ഗന്ധകം | ലാറ്റിൻ പദം സൾഫർ | 16 | 3 | 32.06[III][V][VI] | 2.067 | 388.36 | 717.87 | 0.71 | 2.58 | 350 | |
17 | Cl | ക്ലോറിൻ | ഗ്രീക് പദം ക്ലോറോസ്, 'പച്ചകലർന്ന മഞ്ഞ' | 17 | 3 | 35.45[III][IV][V][VI] | 0.003214 | 171.6 | 239.11 | 0.479 | 3.16 | 145 | |
18 | Ar | ആർഗൺ | ഗ്രീക് പദം ആർഗോസ്, 'നിഷ്ക്രിയം' | 18 | 3 | 39.948(1)[III][V] | 0.0017837 | 83.80 | 87.30 | 0.52 | – | 3.5 | |
19 | K | പൊട്ടാസ്യം | ന്യൂ ലറ്റിനിലെ പൊട്ടാസ, 'പൊട്ടാഷ്' ( ലാറ്റിൻ ഭാഷയിൽകാലിയം) | 1 | 4 | 39.0983(1) | 0.862 | 336.53 | 1032 | 0.757 | 0.82 | 20900 | |
20 | Ca | കാൽസ്യം | ലാറ്റിൻ പദം കാൽക്സ്, 'ചുണ്ണാമ്പ്കല്ല്' | 2 | 4 | 40.078(4)[III] | 1.54 | 1115 | 1757 | 0.647 | 1 | 41500 | |
21 | Sc | സ്കാൻഡിയം | സ്കാൻഡിനേവിയയുടെ ലാറ്റിൻ പേരായ സ്കാൻഡിയ | 3 | 4 | 44.955908(5) | 2.989 | 1814 | 3109 | 0.568 | 1.36 | 22 | |
22 | Ti | ടൈറ്റാനിയം | ഗ്രീക് ഐതിഹ്യത്തിലെ ഭൂദേവിയുടെ പുത്രനായ ടൈറ്റാൻ ദേവൻ | 4 | 4 | 47.867(1) | 4.54 | 1941 | 3560 | 0.523 | 1.54 | 5650 | |
23 | V | വനേഡിയം | Vanadis, an Old Norse name for the Scandinavian goddess Freyja | 5 | 4 | 50.9415(1) | 6.11 | 2183 | 3680 | 0.489 | 1.63 | 120 | |
24 | Cr | ക്രോമിയം | ഗ്രീക് പദം ക്രോമ, അർത്ഥം: 'നിറം' | 6 | 4 | 51.9961(6) | 7.15 | 2180 | 2944 | 0.449 | 1.66 | 102 | |
25 | Mn | മാൻഗനീസ് | corrupted from magnesia negra, see Magnesium | 7 | 4 | 54.938044(3) | 7.44 | 1519 | 2334 | 0.479 | 1.55 | 950 | |
26 | Fe | ഇരുമ്പ് | ലാറ്റിൻ പദം: ഫെറം | 8 | 4 | 55.845(2) | 7.874 | 1811 | 3134 | 0.449 | 1.83 | 56300 | |
27 | Co | കോബാൾട്ട് | the ജർമ്മൻ പദംകൊബോൾഡ്, 'goblin' | 9 | 4 | 58.933194(4) | 8.86 | 1768 | 3200 | 0.421 | 1.88 | 25 | |
28 | Ni | നിക്കൽ | from Swedish kopparnickel, containing the German word Nickel, 'goblin' | 10 | 4 | 58.6934(4) | 8.912 | 1728 | 3186 | 0.444 | 1.91 | 84 | |
29 | Cu | ചെമ്പ് | ലാറ്റിൻ പദം: കുപ്രം | 11 | 4 | 63.546(3)[V] | 8.96 | 1357.77 | 2835 | 0.385 | 1.9 | 60 | |
30 | Zn | സിങ്ക് | ജർമ്മൻ പദം സിങ്ക് | 12 | 4 | 65.38(2) | 7.134 | 692.88 | 1180 | 0.388 | 1.65 | 70 | |
31 | Ga | ഗാലിയം | ഫ്രാൻസിന്റെ ലാറ്റിൻ നാമമായ ഗാലിയയിൽ നിന്നും | 13 | 4 | 69.723(1) | 5.907 | 302.9146 | 2673 | 0.371 | 1.81 | 19 | |
32 | Ge | ജെർമേനിയം | ജർമ്മനിയുടെ ലാറ്റിൻ നാമമായ ജർമേനിയ | 14 | 4 | 72.630(8) | 5.323 | 1211.40 | 3106 | 0.32 | 2.01 | 1.5 | |
33 | As | ആർസെനിക് | ഇംഗ്ലീഷ് പദം (ലാറ്റിനിൽആർസെനിയം) | 15 | 4 | 74.921595(6) | 5.776 | 1090 [IX] | 887 | 0.329 | 2.18 | 1.8 | |
34 | Se | സെലീനിയം | ഗ്രീക് പദം സെലീൻ, അർഥം: 'ചന്ദ്രൻ' | 16 | 4 | 78.971(8)[V] | 4.809 | 453 | 958 | 0.321 | 2.55 | 0.05 | |
35 | Br | ബ്രോമിൻ | the Greek bromos, 'stench' | 17 | 4 | 79.904[VI] | 3.122 | 265.8 | 332.0 | 0.474 | 2.96 | 2.4 | |
36 | Kr | ക്രിപ്റ്റോൺ | ഗ്രീക്കിലെ ക്രിപ്റ്റോസ്, അർഥം: 'ഒളിഞ്ഞിരിക്കുന്നത്' | 18 | 4 | 83.798(2)[III][IV] | 0.003733 | 115.79 | 119.93 | 0.248 | 3 | 1×10−4 | |
37 | Rb | റൂബിഡിയം | ലാറ്റിൻ റൂബിഡസ്(കടും ചുവപ്പ്) | 1 | 5 | 85.4678(3)[III] | 1.532 | 312.46 | 961 | 0.363 | 0.82 | 90 | |
38 | Sr | സ്ട്രോൺഷിയം | സ്കോട്ട്ലാൻഡിലെ ഒരു ചെറുപട്ടണമായ സ്ട്രോൺഷിയൻ | 2 | 5 | 87.62(1)[III][V] | 2.64 | 1050 | 1655 | 0.301 | 0.95 | 370 | |
39 | Y | യിട്രിയം | യിറ്റെർബി, സ്വീഡൻ | 3 | 5 | 88.90584(2) | 4.469 | 1799 | 3609 | 0.298 | 1.22 | 33 | |
40 | Zr | സിർകോണിയം | പേർഷ്യൻസർഗുൺ(സ്വർണ്ണ-നിറം); ജെർമൻസിർക്കൂൺ, 'ജർഗൂൺ' | 4 | 5 | 91.224(2)[III] | 6.506 | 2128 | 4682 | 0.278 | 1.33 | 165 | |
41 | Nb | നയോബിയം | ഗ്രീക് പുരാണത്തിലെ ടാൻഡലസ് രാജാവിന്റെ പുത്രിയായ നയോബി | 5 | 5 | 92.90637(2) | 8.57 | 2750 | 5017 | 0.265 | 1.6 | 20 | |
42 | Mo | മൊളിബ്ഡിനം | ഗ്രീക്കിലെ മൊളിബ്ഡോസ് അർഥം'ലെഡ് (lead)' | 6 | 5 | 95.95(1)[III] | 10.22 | 2896 | 4912 | 0.251 | 2.16 | 1.2 | |
43 | Tc | Technetium | the Greek tekhnètos meaning 'artificial' | 7 | 5 | [98][X] | 11.5 | 2430 | 4538 | – | 1.9 | ~ 3×10−9[XI] | |
44 | Ru | Ruthenium | Ruthenia, the New Latin name for Russia | 8 | 5 | 101.07(2)[III] | 12.37 | 2607 | 4423 | 0.238 | 2.2 | 0.001 | |
45 | Rh | Rhodium | the Greek rhodos, meaning 'rose coloured' | 9 | 5 | 102.90550(2) | 12.41 | 2237 | 3968 | 0.243 | 2.28 | 0.001 | |
46 | Pd | Palladium | the then recently discovered asteroid Pallas, considered a planet at the time | 10 | 5 | 106.42(1)[III] | 12.02 | 1828.05 | 3236 | 0.244 | 2.2 | 0.015 | |
47 | Ag | Silver | English word (argentum in Latin) | 11 | 5 | 107.8682(2)[III] | 10.501 | 1234.93 | 2435 | 0.235 | 1.93 | 0.075 | |
48 | Cd | Cadmium | the New Latin cadmia, from King Kadmos | 12 | 5 | 112.414(4)[III] | 8.69 | 594.22 | 1040 | 0.232 | 1.69 | 0.159 | |
49 | In | Indium | indigo | 13 | 5 | 114.818(1) | 7.31 | 429.75 | 2345 | 0.233 | 1.78 | 0.25 | |
50 | Sn | Tin | English word (stannum in Latin) | 14 | 5 | 118.710(7)[III] | 7.287 | 505.08 | 2875 | 0.228 | 1.96 | 2.3 | |
51 | Sb | Antimony | composed from the Greek anti, 'against', and monos, 'alone' (stibium in Latin) | 15 | 5 | 121.760(1)[III] | 6.685 | 903.78 | 1860 | 0.207 | 2.05 | 0.2 | |
52 | Te | Tellurium | Latin tellus, 'earth' | 16 | 5 | 127.60(3)[III] | 6.232 | 722.66 | 1261 | 0.202 | 2.1 | 0.001 | |
53 | I | Iodine | French iode (after the Greek ioeides, 'violet') | 17 | 5 | 126.90447(3) | 4.93 | 386.85 | 457.4 | 0.214 | 2.66 | 0.45 | |
54 | Xe | Xenon | the Greek xenos, 'strange' | 18 | 5 | 131.293(6)[III][IV] | 0.005887 | 161.4 | 165.03 | 0.158 | 2.6 | 3×10−5 | |
55 | Cs | Caesium | the Latin caesius, 'sky blue' | 1 | 6 | 132.90545196(6) | 1.873 | 301.59 | 944 | 0.242 | 0.79 | 3 | |
56 | Ba | Barium | the Greek barys, 'heavy' | 2 | 6 | 137.327(7) | 3.594 | 1000 | 2170 | 0.204 | 0.89 | 425 | |
57 | La | Lanthanum | the Greek lanthanein, 'to lie hidden' | 3 | 6 | 138.90547(7)[III] | 6.145 | 1193 | 3737 | 0.195 | 1.1 | 39 | |
58 | Ce | Cerium | the then recently discovered asteroid Ceres, considered a planet at the time | 6 | 140.116(1)[III] | 6.77 | 1068 | 3716 | 0.192 | 1.12 | 66.5 | ||
59 | Pr | Praseodymium | the Greek praseios didymos meaning 'green twin' | 6 | 140.90766(2) | 6.773 | 1208 | 3793 | 0.193 | 1.13 | 9.2 | ||
60 | Nd | Neodymium | the Greek neos didymos meaning 'new twin' | 6 | 144.242(3)[III] | 7.007 | 1297 | 3347 | 0.19 | 1.14 | 41.5 | ||
61 | Pm | Promethium | Prometheus of Greek mythology who stole fire from the Gods and gave it to humans | 6 | [145][X] | 7.26 | 1315 | 3273 | – | 1.13 | 2×10−19[XI] | ||
62 | Sm | Samarium | Samarskite, the name of the mineral from which it was first isolated | 6 | 150.36(2)[III] | 7.52 | 1345 | 2067 | 0.197 | 1.17 | 7.05 | ||
63 | Eu | Europium | Europe | 6 | 151.964(1)[III] | 5.243 | 1099 | 1802 | 0.182 | 1.2 | 2 | ||
64 | Gd | Gadolinium | Johan Gadolin, chemist, physicist and mineralogist | 6 | 157.25(3)[III] | 7.895 | 1585 | 3546 | 0.236 | 1.2 | 6.2 | ||
65 | Tb | Terbium | Ytterby, Sweden | 6 | 158.92535(2) | 8.229 | 1629 | 3503 | 0.182 | 1.2 | 1.2 | ||
66 | Dy | Dysprosium | the Greek dysprositos, 'hard to get' | 6 | 162.500(1)[III] | 8.55 | 1680 | 2840 | 0.17 | 1.22 | 5.2 | ||
67 | Ho | Holmium | Holmia, the New Latin name for Stockholm | 6 | 164.93033(2) | 8.795 | 1734 | 2993 | 0.165 | 1.23 | 1.3 | ||
68 | Er | Erbium | Ytterby, Sweden | 6 | 167.259(3)[III] | 9.066 | 1802 | 3141 | 0.168 | 1.24 | 3.5 | ||
69 | Tm | Thulium | Thule, the ancient name for Scandinavia | 6 | 168.93422(2) | 9.321 | 1818 | 2223 | 0.16 | 1.25 | 0.52 | ||
70 | Yb | Ytterbium | Ytterby, Sweden | 6 | 173.045(10)[III] | 6.965 | 1097 | 1469 | 0.155 | 1.1 | 3.2 | ||
71 | Lu | Lutetium | Lutetia, the Latin name for Paris | 6 | 174.9668(1)[III] | 9.84 | 1925 | 3675 | 0.154 | 1.27 | 0.8 | ||
72 | Hf | Hafnium | Hafnia, the New Latin name for Copenhagen | 4 | 6 | 178.49(2) | 13.31 | 2506 | 4876 | 0.144 | 1.3 | 3 | |
73 | Ta | Tantalum | King Tantalus, father of Niobe from Greek mythology | 5 | 6 | 180.94788(2) | 16.654 | 3290 | 5731 | 0.14 | 1.5 | 2 | |
74 | W | Tungsten | the Swedish tung sten, 'heavy stone' (W is wolfram, the old name of the tungsten mineral wolframite) | 6 | 6 | 183.84(1) | 19.25 | 3695 | 5828 | 0.132 | 2.36 | 1.3 | |
75 | Re | Rhenium | Rhenus, the Latin name for the river Rhine | 7 | 6 | 186.207(1) | 21.02 | 3459 | 5869 | 0.137 | 1.9 | 7×10−4 | |
76 | Os | Osmium | the Greek osmè, meaning 'smell' | 8 | 6 | 190.23(3)[III] | 22.61 | 3306 | 5285 | 0.13 | 2.2 | 0.002 | |
77 | Ir | Iridium | Iris, the Greek goddess of the rainbow | 9 | 6 | 192.217(3) | 22.56 | 2719 | 4701 | 0.131 | 2.2 | 0.001 | |
78 | Pt | Platinum | the Spanish platina, meaning 'little silver' | 10 | 6 | 195.084(9) | 21.46 | 2041.4 | 4098 | 0.133 | 2.28 | 0.005 | |
79 | Au | Gold | English word (aurum in Latin) | 11 | 6 | 196.966569(5) | 19.282 | 1337.33 | 3129 | 0.129 | 2.54 | 0.004 | |
80 | Hg | Mercury | the New Latin name mercurius, named after the Roman god (Hg from former name hydrargyrum, from Greek hydr-, 'water', and argyros, 'silver') | 12 | 6 | 200.592(3) | 13.5336 | 234.43 | 629.88 | 0.14 | 2 | 0.085 | |
81 | Tl | Thallium | the Greek thallos, 'green twig' | 13 | 6 | 204.38[VI] | 11.85 | 577 | 1746 | 0.129 | 1.62 | 0.85 | |
82 | Pb | Lead | English word (plumbum in Latin) | 14 | 6 | 207.2(1)[III][V] | 11.342 | 600.61 | 2022 | 0.129 | 1.87 | 14 | |
83 | Bi | Bismuth | German word, now obsolete | 15 | 6 | 208.98040(1)[X] | 9.807 | 544.7 | 1837 | 0.122 | 2.02 | 0.009 | |
84 | Po | Polonium | Named after the home country of Marie Curie(Poland), who is also the discoverer of Radium | 16 | 6 | [209][X] | 9.32 | 527 | 1235 | – | 2.0 | 2×10−10[XI] | |
85 | At | Astatine | the Greek astatos, 'unstable' | 17 | 6 | [210][X] | 7 | 575 | 610 | – | 2.2 | 3×10−20[XI] | |
86 | Rn | Radon | From radium, as it was first detected as an emission from radium during radioactive decay | 18 | 6 | [222][X] | 0.00973 | 202 | 211.3 | 0.094 | 2.2 | 4×10−13[XI] | |
87 | Fr | Francium | Francia, the New Latin name for France | 1 | 7 | [223][X] | 1.87 | 300 | 950 | – | 0.7 | ~ 1×10−18[XI] | |
88 | Ra | Radium | the Latin radius, 'ray' | 2 | 7 | [226][X] | 5.5 | 973 | 2010 | 0.094 | 0.9 | 9×10−7[XI] | |
89 | Ac | Actinium | the Greek aktis, 'ray' | 3 | 7 | [227][X] | 10.07 | 1323 | 3471 | 0.12 | 1.1 | 5.5×10−10[XI] | |
90 | Th | Thorium | Thor, the Scandinavian god of thunder | 7 | 232.0377(4)[X][III] | 11.72 | 2115 | 5061 | 0.113 | 1.3 | 9.6 | ||
91 | Pa | Protactinium | the Greek protos, 'first', and actinium, which is produced through the radioactive decay of protactinium | 7 | 231.03588(2)[X] | 15.37 | 1841 | 4300 | – | 1.5 | 1.4×10−6[XI] | ||
92 | U | Uranium | Uranus, the seventh planet in the Solar System | 7 | 238.02891(3)[X] | 18.95 | 1405.3 | 4404 | 0.116 | 1.38 | 2.7 | ||
93 | Np | Neptunium | Neptune, the eighth planet in the Solar System | 7 | [237][X] | 20.45 | 917 | 4273 | – | 1.36 | ≤ 3×10−12[XI] | ||
94 | Pu | Plutonium | Pluto, a dwarf planet in the Solar System (then considered the ninth planet) | 7 | [244][X] | 19.84 | 912.5 | 3501 | – | 1.28 | ≤ 3×10−11[XI] | ||
95 | Am | Americium | The Americas, as the element was first synthesized on the continent, by analogy with europium | 7 | [243][X] | 13.69 | 1449 | 2880 | – | 1.13 | 0[XII] | ||
96 | Cm | Curium | Pierre Curie, a physicist, and Marie Curie, a physicist and chemist, named after great scientists by analogy with gadolinium | 7 | [247][X] | 13.51 | 1613 | 3383 | – | 1.28 | 0[XII] | ||
97 | Bk | Berkelium | Berkeley, California, where the element was first synthesized, by analogy with terbium | 7 | [247][X] | 14.79 | 1259 | 2900 | – | 1.3 | 0[XII] | ||
98 | Cf | Californium | California, where the element was first synthesized | 7 | [251][X] | 15.1 | 1173 | (1743)[XIII] | – | 1.3 | 0[XII] | ||
99 | Es | Einsteinium | Albert Einstein, physicist | 7 | [252][X] | 8.84 | 1133 | (1269)[XIII] | – | 1.3 | 0[XII] | ||
100 | Fm | Fermium | Enrico Fermi, physicist | 7 | [257][X] | (9.7)[XIII] | (1125)[XIII] | – | – | 1.3 | 0[XII] | ||
101 | Md | Mendelevium | Dmitri Mendeleev, chemist and inventor | 7 | [258][X] | (10.3)[XIII] | (1100)[XIII] | – | – | 1.3 | 0[XII] | ||
102 | No | Nobelium | Alfred Nobel, chemist, engineer, innovator, and armaments manufacturer | 7 | [259][X] | (9.9)[XIII] | (1100)[XIII] | – | – | 1.3 | 0[XII] | ||
103 | Lr | Lawrencium | Ernest O. Lawrence, physicist | 7 | [266][X] | (15.6)[XIII] | (1900)[XIII] | – | – | 1.3 | 0[XII] | ||
104 | Rf | Rutherfordium | Ernest Rutherford, chemist and physicist | 4 | 7 | [267][X] | (23.2)[XIII] | (2400)[XIII] | (5800)[XIII] | – | – | 0[XII] | |
105 | Db | Dubnium | Dubna, Russia | 5 | 7 | [268][X] | (29.3)[XIII] | – | – | – | – | 0[XII] | |
106 | Sg | Seaborgium | Glenn T. Seaborg, scientist | 6 | 7 | [269][X] | (35.0)[XIII] | – | – | – | – | 0[XII] | |
107 | Bh | Bohrium | Niels Bohr, physicist | 7 | 7 | [270][X] | (37.1)[XIII] | – | – | – | – | 0[XII] | |
108 | Hs | Hassium | Hesse, Germany, where the element was first synthesized | 8 | 7 | [277][X] | (40.7)[XIII] | – | – | – | – | 0[XII] | |
109 | Mt | Meitnerium | Lise Meitner, physicist | 9 | 7 | [278][X] | (37.4)[XIII] | – | – | – | – | 0[XII] | |
110 | Ds | Darmstadtium | Darmstadt, Germany, where the element was first synthesized | 10 | 7 | [281][X] | (34.8)[XIII] | – | – | – | – | 0[XII] | |
111 | Rg | Roentgenium | Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, physicist | 11 | 7 | [282][X] | (28.7)[XIII] | – | – | – | – | 0[XII] | |
112 | Cn | Copernicium | Nicolaus Copernicus, astronomer | 12 | 7 | [285][X] | (23.7)[XIII] | – | 357[XIV] | – | – | 0[XII] | |
113 | Nh | Nihonium | the Japanese name for Japan, Nihon, where the element was first synthesized | 13 | 7 | [286][X] | (16)[XIII] | (700)[XIII] | (1400)[XIII] | – | – | 0[XII] | |
114 | Fl | Flerovium | Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, part of JINR where the element was synthesized; itself named for Georgy Flyorov, physicist | 14 | 7 | [289][X] | (14)[XIII] | – | ~210 | – | – | 0[XII] | |
115 | Mc | Moscovium | Moscow Oblast, Russia, where the element was first synthesized | 15 | 7 | [290][X] | (13.5)[XIII] | (700)[XIII] | (1400)[XIII] | – | – | 0[XII] | |
116 | Lv | Livermorium | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (in Livermore, California) which collaborated with JINR on its synthesis | 16 | 7 | [293][X] | (12.9)[XIII] | (709)[XIII] | (1085)[XIII] | – | – | 0[XII] | |
117 | Ts | Tennessine | Tennessee, United States | 17 | 7 | [294][X] | (7.2)[XIII] | (723)[XIII] | (883)[XIII] | – | – | 0[XII] | |
118 | Og | Oganesson | Yuri Oganessian, physicist | 18 | 7 | [294][X] | (5.0)[XIII][XV] | – | (350)[XIII] | – | – | 0[XII] | |
Notes
|
- ↑ "Periodic Table – Royal Society of Chemistry". www.rsc.org (in ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്).
- ↑ "Online Etymology Dictionary". etymonline.com (in ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്).
- ↑ Wieser, Michael E.; Holden, Norman (2013). "Atomic weights of the elements 2011 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 85 (5). IUPAC: 1047–1078. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-13-03-02.
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suggested) (help) (for standard atomic weights of elements) - ↑ Sonzogni, Alejandro. "Interactive Chart of Nuclides". National Nuclear Data Center: Brookhaven National Laboratory. Retrieved 2008-06-06. (for atomic weights of elements with atomic numbers 103–118)
- ↑ Holman, S. W.; Lawrence, R. R.; Barr, L. (1 January 1895). "Melting Points of Aluminum, Silver, Gold, Copper, and Platinum". Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 31: 218–233. doi:10.2307/20020628.