ഹാർപുലിയ
| ഹാർപുലിയ | |
|---|---|
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| Harpullia pendula: fruits, seeds and foliage (above), habit (below) | |
| പ്രമാണം:S tulipwood.jpg | |
ശാസ്ത്രീയ വർഗ്ഗീകരണം 
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| കിങ്ഡം: | സസ്യലോകം |
| ക്ലാഡ്: | ട്രക്കിയോഫൈറ്റ് |
| ക്ലാഡ്: | സപുഷ്പി |
| ക്ലാഡ്: | യൂഡികോട്സ് |
| ക്ലാഡ്: | റോസിഡുകൾ |
| Order: | സാപ്പിൻഡേൽസ് |
| Family: | Sapindaceae |
| Subfamily: | Dodonaeoideae |
| Genus: | Harpullia Roxb.[1][2] |
| Type species | |
| Harpullia cupanioides Roxb.
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| Species | |
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See text | |
സപിൻഡേസി കുടുംബത്തിൽ നിന്നുള്ള ഏകദേശം ചെറുതും ഇടത്തരവുമായ 27 ഇനം മരങ്ങളുടെ ഒരു ജനുസ്സാണ് ഹാർപുലിയ. ഇന്ത്യ മുതൽ കിഴക്കോട്ട് മലേഷ്യ, പപ്പുവേഷ്യ, ഓസ്‌ട്രലേഷ്യ എന്നിവയിലൂടെ പസഫിക് ദ്വീപുകൾ വരെ ഇവ വിശാലമായി വ്യാപിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്. അവ സാധാരണയായി മഴക്കാടുകളിലോ അനുബന്ധ സസ്യജാലങ്ങളിലോ സ്വാഭാവികമായി വളരുന്നു.[2][3][4][5][6]
ഇരുപതോളം സ്പീഷിസുകളുടെ പ്രധാന വൈവിധ്യത്തിന്റെ കേന്ദ്രമായ ന്യൂ ഗിനിയയിൽ ഉടനീളവും അതിന്റെ ചുറ്റുമുള്ള ദ്വീപുകളും പ്രദേശങ്ങളും ഉൾപ്പെടെ കാണപ്പെടുന്നു.[3][4][5][6]
- Harpullia alata F.Muell. – SE. Qld to NE. NSW endemic, Australia[7]
- Harpullia arborea (Blanco) Radlk., syn.: H. pedicellaris Radlk.[4] – Sri Lanka, India, Assam, Thailand, S. Vietnam, through Malesia incl. New Guinea, NE. Australia, Pacific Islands incl. Fiji, Vanuatu, Samoa, Tonga[4][8][9][10]
- Harpullia austro-caledonica Baill. – New Caledonia endemic[11]
- Harpullia camptoneura Radlk. – NE. New Guinea[4][12]
- Harpullia carrii Leenh. – Papua New Guinea[4][13]
- Harpullia cauliflora K.Schum. & Laut. – New Guinea[4][14]
- Harpullia crustacea Radlk. – E. New Guinea[4][15]
- Harpullia cupanioides Roxb., syn.: H. thanatophora Blume – S. China, Assam, Andaman Islands, Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Indo-China, throughout Malesia incl. New Guinea, NT Australia[4][16]
- Harpullia frutescens F.M.Bailey – NE. Qld endemic, Australia[8][17]
- Harpullia giganteacapsula Vente – E. New Guinea[4][18]
- Harpullia hillii F.Muell. – E. central Qld to NE. NSW endemic, Australia[8][19]
- Harpullia hirsuta Radlk. – SW. New Guinea[20]
- Harpullia largifolia Radlk. – New Guinea[4]
- Harpullia leichhardtii Benth. – coastal NT endemic, Australia[21]
- Harpullia leptococca Radlk. – SE. New Guinea[4][22]
- Harpullia longipetala Leenh. – E. New Guinea[4][23]
- Harpullia mabberleyana W.N.Takeuchi – New Guinea[3]
- Harpullia myrmecophila Merr. & L.M.Perry – NW. New Guinea[4][24]
- Harpullia oococca Radlk. – New Guinea[25]
- Harpullia peekeliana Melch. – New Ireland (New Guinea)[26]
- Harpullia pendula Planch. ex F.Muell. – NE. Qld through E. Qld to NE. NSW Australia[8][27][28]
- Harpullia petiolaris Radlk. – Borneo, Moluccas, New Guinea[4][29]
- Harpullia ramiflora Radlk., syn.: H. aeruginosa Radlk.[4] – Philippines, Moluccas, New Guinea, Cape York Peninsula Australia[4][8][30][31]
- Harpullia rhachiptera Radlk. – New Guinea[3][4][32]
- Harpullia rhyticarpa C.T.White & W.D.Francis – NE. Qld endemic, Australia[8][33]
- Harpullia solomonensis Vente – Solomon Islands, Bismarck Archipelago[4][34]
- Harpullia vaga Merr. & L.M.Perry – Solomon Islands, Malesia incl. New Guinea[4][35]
- Formerly included here
- Harpullia zanguebarica (J.Kirk.) Radlk. ⇒ Majidea zanguebarica J.Kirk. ex Oliv. – E. Africa
References[തിരുത്തുക]
- ↑ Roxburgh, William; Wallich, Nathaniel (1824). "Harpullia Roxb.; Harpullia cupanioides Roxb.". In Carey, William (ed.). Flora indica; or descriptions of Indian plants by the late William Roxburgh. Vol. 2. Serampore, India: Mission Press. pp. 441–4. Retrieved 21 Dec 2013.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Harpullia%". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS) database (listing by % wildcard matching of all taxa relevant to Australia). Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 17 Dec 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Takeuchi, Wayne N. (March 2011). "Notes on Papuasian Sapindaceae: Harpullia mabberleyana sp. nov., Harpullia rhachiptera and Lepisanthes mixta". Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 68 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1017/s0960428610000247.
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 Conn, Barry J. (2008). "Harpullia". Census of Vascular Plants of Papua New Guinea. (search result listing, matching all starting with "Harpullia", via www.pngplants.org). Retrieved 19 Dec 2013.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Buijsen, J. R. M.; Welzen, Peter C. van; Ham, R. W. J. M. van der (2003). "A phylogenetic analysis of Harpullia (Sapindaceae) with notes on historical biogeography". Systematic Botany. 28 (1): 106–17. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-28.1.106. JSTOR 3093941.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia Roxb. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Harden (2001) New South Wales Flora Online. "Harpullia alata F.Muell". July 2001. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Cooper, Wendy; Cooper, William T. (June 2004). Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest. Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia: Nokomis Editions. pp. 491–493. ISBN 9780958174213. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
- ↑ F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Harpullia arborea". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia arborea (Blanco) Radlk. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Morat, P.; Jaffré, T.; Tronchet, F.; Munzinger, J.; Pillon, Y.; Veillon, J.-M.; Chalopin, M. (Dec 2012). "The taxonomic database "Florical" and characteristics of the indigenous Flora of New Caledonia" (PDF). Adansonia. sér. 3. 34 (2): 177–219. Retrieved 19 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia camptoneura Radlk. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia carrii Leenh. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia cauliflora K.Schum & Laut. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia crustacea Roxb. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia cupanioides Roxb. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Harpullia frutescens". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online "Harpullia giganteacapsula Vente". Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Harden (2001) New South Wales Flora Online. "Harpullia hillii F.Muell". July 2001. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia hirsuta Radlk. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Reynolds (1985) Flora of Australia. Online "Harpullia leichhardtii F.Muell. ex Benth". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 21 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia leptococca Radlk. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia longipetala Leenh. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia myrmecophila Merr. & L.M.Perry. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia oococca Radlk. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia peekeliana Melch. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Harpullia pendula". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ↑ Harden (2001) New South Wales Flora Online. "Harpullia pendula Planch. ex F.Muell". July 2001. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia petiolaris Radlk. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Harpullia ramiflora". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia ramiflora Radlk. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia rhachiptera Radlk. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Harpullia rhyticarpa". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia solomonensis Vente. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- ↑ Leenhouts & Vente (1994) Flora Malesiana. Digitised, online Harpullia vaga Merr. & L.M.Perry. Noordhoff-Kolff. 1994. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
Cited works[തിരുത്തുക]
Harpullia എന്ന വിഷയവുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ചിത്രങ്ങൾ വിക്കിമീഡിയ കോമൺസിലുണ്ട്.
- Harden, Gwen J. (July 2001). "Harpullia – New South Wales Flora Online". PlantNET – The Plant Information Network System. 2.0. Sydney, Australia: The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust. Retrieved 20 Dec 2013.
- F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Home". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
- Leenhouts, Pieter W.; Vente, M. (1994). "Harpullia". In Adema, F.; Leenhouts, P. W.; van Welzen, P. C. (eds.). Flora Malesiana. Series I, Spermatophyta : Flowering Plants. Vol. 11 pt. 3: Sapindaceae. Leiden, The Netherlands: Rijksherbarium / Hortus Botanicus, Leiden University. pp. 598–614. ISBN 978-90-71236-21-1.
- Reynolds, Sally T. (1985). "Harpullia". Flora of Australia: Volume 25—Melianthaceae to Simaroubaceae. Flora of Australia series. CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 38–45. ISBN 978-0-644-03724-2.