ഫോർമാൾഡിഹൈഡ്
(Formalin എന്ന താളിൽ നിന്നും തിരിച്ചുവിട്ടതു പ്രകാരം)
| |||
 | |||
| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Formaldehyde[1] | |||
| Systematic IUPAC name
Methanal[1] | |||
| Other names
Methyl aldehyde Methylene glycol Methylene oxide Formalin (aqueous solution) Formol Carbonyl hydride | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
|||
| Beilstein Reference | 1209228 | ||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| DrugBank | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.002 | ||
| EC Number |
| ||
| E number | E240 (preservatives) | ||
| Gmelin Reference | 445 | ||
| KEGG | |||
| MeSH | {{{value}}} | ||
PubChem CID |
|||
| RTECS number |
| ||
| UNII | |||
| UN number | 2209 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|||
| InChI | |||
| SMILES | |||
| Properties[2] | |||
| CH2O | |||
| Molar mass | 30.026 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
| സാന്ദ്രത | 0.8153 g/cm3 (−20 °C)[3] | ||
| ദ്രവണാങ്കം | |||
| ക്വഥനാങ്കം | −19 °C (−2 °F; 254 K)[3] | ||
| 400 g dm−3 | |||
| log P | 0.350 | ||
| ബാഷ്പമർദ്ദം | < 1 atm[4] | ||
| Acidity (pKa) | 13.27 [5][6] | ||
| -18.6·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
| 1.85 D | |||
| Structure | |||
| C2v | |||
| Trigonal planar | |||
| Pharmacology | |||
| QP53AX19 (WHO) | |||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
   | |||
| Danger | |||
| H301, H311, H314, H317, H331, H335, H336, H341, H350, H370 | |||
| P201, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P309+P310 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | 64 °C (147 °F; 337 K) | ||
| 430 °C (806 °F; 703 K) | |||
| Explosive limits | 7–73% | ||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
100 mg/kg (oral, rat)[7] | ||
LC50 (median concentration) |
333 ppm (mouse, 2 hr) 815 ppm (rat, 30 min)[8] | ||
LCLo (lowest published) |
333 ppm (cat, 2 hr)[8] | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 0.75 ppm ST 2 ppm (as formaldehyde and formalin)[9][10] | ||
REL (Recommended) |
Ca TWA 0.016 ppm C 0.1 ppm [15-minute][9] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
Ca [20 ppm][9] | ||
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | MSDS | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |||
CH2O (H-CHO) എന്ന രാസസൂത്രത്തോട് കൂടിയ ഒരു കാർബണിക സംയുക്തമാണ് ഫോർമാൾഡിഹൈഡ്. ഏറ്റവും ലളിത ഘടനയോടു കൂടിയ ഒരു അൾഡിഹൈഡ് ആണ് ഇത്. പല രാസ സംയുക്തങ്ങളുടേയും ഒരു നിർമ്മാണത്തിലെ ഒരു പ്രധാന അഭികാരകമായ ഈ സംയുക്തം റസീനുകളുടെ നിർമ്മാണത്തിൽ വ്യാപകമായി ഉപയോഗിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു.
വ്യാവസായിക ലോകത്ത് ഒഴിച്ചുകൂടാനാവാത്ത ഫോർമാൾഡിഹൈഡ് മനുഷ്യരിൽ കടുത്ത ആരോഗ്യപ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ സൃഷ്ടിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്.[11][12][13][14]
ഫോർമാലിൻ
[തിരുത്തുക]ഫോർമാൾഡിഹൈഡിന്റെ ജലീയലായനിയാണ് ഫോർമാലിൻ. ഇതിന്റെ 40% പൂരിതലായനി ( 40% formaldehyde by volume or 37% by mass) "100% ഫോർമാലിൻ" എന്നറിയപ്പെടുന്നു.
അവലംബം
[തിരുത്തുക]- 1 2 Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 908. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
- ↑ Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. C–301, E–61. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8.
- 1 2 Formaldehyde (PDF) Archived 2018-06-13 at the Wayback Machine, SIDS Initial Assessment Report, International Programme on Chemical Safety
- ↑ Spence, Robert, and William Wild. "114. The vapour-pressure curve of formaldehyde, and some related data." Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) (1935): 506-509
- ↑ "PubChem Compound Database; CID=712". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2017-07-08.
- ↑ organic chemistry - Acidity of aldehydes - Chemistry Stack Exchange
- ↑ ChemIDplus - 50-00-0 - WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Formaldehyde [USP] - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information
- 1 2 "Formaldehyde". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- 1 2 3 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0293". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ↑ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0294". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ↑ "Formaldehyde", Formaldehyde, 2-Butoxyethanol and 1-tert-Butoxypropan-2-ol (PDF), IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans 88, Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2006, pp. 39–325, ISBN 92-832-1288-6 "Formaldehyde (gas)", Report on Carcinogens, Eleventh Edition (PDF), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program, 2005
- ↑ Harris, Gardiner (10 June 2011). "Government Says 2 Common Materials Pose Risk of Cancer". New York Times. Retrieved 2011-06-11.
- ↑ National Toxicology Program (10 June 2011). "12th Report on Carcinogens". National Toxicology Program. Retrieved 2011-06-11.
- ↑ National Toxicology Program (10 June 2011). "Report On Carcinogens – Twelfth Edition – 2011" (PDF). National Toxicology Program. Retrieved 2011-06-11.