വിക്കിപീഡിയ:Vital articles/Expanded/Biology and health sciences

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Vital articles is a list of subjects for which Wikipedia should have corresponding high-quality articles. It serves as a centralized watchlist to track the status of Wikipedia's most essential articles. This is one of eleven Level 4 sub-lists of ten thousand articles and is currently under construction.

Articles are labelled as:

These symbols are updated manually and may be out of date; you are encouraged to fix any errors you discover.

This list is tailored to the English-language Wikipedia. There is also a list of one thousand articles considered vital to Wikipedias of all languages.

For more information on this list and the process for adding articles (please see the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) page.

Biology and health sciences (1434 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Basics (30 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Biology (Level 2)
    1. Microbiology
    2. Mycology
  2. Evolution (Level 3)
    1. Adaptation
      1. Camouflage
    2. Genetic drift
    3. Mutation
    4. Natural selection (Level 3)
  3. Genetics (Level 3)
    1. Gene (Level 3)
    2. Genetic code
    3. Gene expression
    4. Heredity (Level 3)
    5. Hybrid
    6. Mendelian inheritance
  4. Life (Level 1)
    1. Abiogenesis (Level 3)
    2. Death (Level 2)
    3. Organism (Level 3)
      1. Model organism
  5. Neuroscience
  6. Paleontology
    1. Fossil
  7. Phylogenetics
    1. Binomial nomenclature
    2. Taxonomy
      1. Domain
      2. Kingdom
      3. Species (Level 3)

Anatomy and morphology (114 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Basic anatomy (4 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Anatomy (Level 3)
  2. Dissection
  3. Organ
  4. Tissue

Animal anatomy and morphology (86 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Endocrine system
    1. Adrenal gland
    2. Thyroid
  2. Immune system (Level 3)
  3. Abdomen
  4. Head
  5. Thorax

Circulatory system (10 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Circulatory system (Level 3)
  2. Artery
  3. Blood (Level 3)
    1. Red blood cell
    2. White blood cell
  4. Capillary
  5. Heart (Level 3)
  6. Lymphatic system
  7. Spleen
  8. Vein

Gastrointestinal tract (6 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Mouth
  2. Liver (Level 3)
  3. Large intestine
  4. Small intestine
  5. Pancreas
  6. Stomach

Integumentary system (9 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Integumentary system
  2. Breast
  3. Feather
  4. Fingerprint
  5. Fur
  6. Hair
  7. Nail (anatomy)
  8. Scale (anatomy)
  9. Skin (Level 3)

Muscular system (5 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Muscular system
  2. Muscle (Level 3)
  3. Myocyte
  4. Sarcomere
  5. Skeletal striated muscle

Nervous system (23 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Nervous system (Level 3)
    1. Central nervous system
    2. Peripheral nervous system
  2. Brain (Level 3)
    1. Intelligence
    2. Neuron
  3. Spinal cord
  4. Sensory system
    1. Sense
  5. Auditory system
    1. Ear (Level 3)
    2. Hearing
  6. Gustatory system
    1. Taste
    2. Tongue
  7. Olfactory system
    1. Nose
    2. Olfaction
  8. Somatosensory system
    1. Pain
  9. Visual system
    1. Eye (Level 3)
    2. Visual perception

Reproductive system (9 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Reproductive system
  2. Sex organ
    1. Clitoris
    2. Ovary
    3. Penis
    4. Placenta
    5. Testicle
    6. Uterus
    7. Vagina

Respiratory system (3 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Respiratory system
  2. Gill
  3. Lung (Level 3)

Skeletal system (6 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Skeleton (Level 3)
  2. Bone
  3. Joint
  4. Pelvis
  5. Skull
  6. Vertebral column

Tissues (5 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Connective tissue
    1. Cartilage
  2. Epithelium
  3. Muscle tissue
  4. Nervous tissue

Urinary system (3 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Urinary bladder
  2. Kidney
  3. Urinary system

Plant morphology and anatomy (21 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Plant morphology
  2. Flower (Level 3)
  3. Fruit (Level 3)
    1. Berry
    2. Nut (Level 3)
  4. Leaf
  5. Root
  6. Stoma
  7. Seed (Level 3)

Life forms (4 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Grass
  2. Liana
  3. Shrub
  4. Tree (Level 3)

Plant stem (3 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Plant stem
  2. Bark
  3. Trunk

Plant tissues (5 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Epidermis
  2. Ground tissue
  3. Meristem
  4. Vascular tissue
  5. Vascular cambium

Fungal morphology and anatomy (2 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Hypha
  2. Mycelium

Biochemistry and molecular biology (42 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Biochemistry
  2. Chemical biology
  3. Molecular biology (Level 3)
  4. Biomolecule
  5. Alkaloid
    1. Caffeine
    2. Cocaine
    3. Morphine
    4. Nicotine
  6. Biological pigment
    1. Carotenoid
    2. Chlorophyll
    3. Melanin
  7. Carbohydrate
    1. Fructose
    2. Glucose
    3. Lactose
    4. Cellulose
    5. Chitin
    6. Glycogen
    7. Starch
    8. Sugar (Level 3)
  8. Hormone
    1. Dopamine
    2. Epinephrine
    3. Estrogen
    4. Insulin
    5. Oxytocin
    6. Plant hormone
    7. Testosterone
  9. Lipid
    1. Cholesterol
    2. Fat
    3. Fatty acid
  10. Nucleic acid
    1. DNA (Level 3)
    2. RNA (Level 3)
  11. Protein (Level 3)
    1. Amino acid
    2. Enzyme
    3. Hemoglobin
  12. Steroid

Biological processes and physiology (43 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Basics (7 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Digestion (Level 3)
  2. Excretion
  3. Metabolism (Level 3)
  4. Muscle contraction
  5. Photosynthesis (Level 3)
  6. Respiration
  7. Transpiration

Development (2 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Developmental biology
  2. Human development

Animal ontogeny (13 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Cuticle
  2. Embryo
  3. Fetus
  4. Imago
  5. Larva
  6. Longevity
  7. Metamorphosis
  8. Moulting
  9. Nymph
  10. Ontogeny
  11. Puberty
  12. Pupa
  13. Tadpole

Biological reproduction (8 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Reproduction (Level 3)
  2. Asexual reproduction
  3. Sexual reproduction
    1. Sex (Level 3)
    2. Female (Level 3)
    3. Male (Level 3)
  4. Microbial cyst
  5. Spore

Animal reproduction (6 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Egg
  2. Menstrual cycle
  3. Menopause
  4. Pregnancy (Level 3)
  5. Semen
  6. Sperm

Plant reproduction (7 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Plant reproduction
  2. Alternation of generations
  3. Gametophyte
  4. Plant reproductive morphology
  5. Pollen
  6. Pollination
  7. Sporophyte

Botany (4 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Botany (Level 3)
  2. Plant (Level 2)
    1. Flowering plant
    2. Weed

Cell biology (34 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Cell processes (10 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Active transport
  2. Cell signaling
  3. Cellular respiration
    1. Glycolysis
  4. DNA replication
  5. Fermentation
  6. Programmed cell death
  7. Stem cell
  8. Transcription
  9. Translation (biology)

Cellular division (4 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Fission
  2. Meiosis
  3. Mitosis
  4. Plasmid

Cell parts (6 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Cell (Level 2)
  2. Cell membrane
  3. Cytoplasm
  4. Cytoskeleton
  5. Flagellum
  6. Symbiogenesis

Organelles (10 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Organelle
  2. Cell nucleus
    1. Chromosome
  3. Centriole
  4. Endoplasmic reticulum
  5. Golgi apparatus
  6. Lysosome
  7. Mitochondrion
  8. Ribosome
  9. Vacuole

Plant cells (4 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Plant cell
  2. Cell wall
  3. Chloroplast
  4. Plastid

Ecology (15 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Ecology (Level 3)
  2. Biome
  3. Biodiversity
  4. Competition (biology)
  5. Ecological niche
  6. Ecosystem (Level 3)
  7. Endangered species
  8. Extinction (Level 3)
  9. Extremophile
  10. Invasive species
  11. Night
  12. Parasitism
  13. Sustainability
  14. Symbiosis
  15. Wildlife conservation

Zoology (12 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Zoology (Level 3)
  2. Animal (Level 2)
  3. Ethology
    1. Animal locomotion
    2. Animal migration
    3. Carnivore
    4. Grazing
    5. Herbivore
    6. Hibernation
    7. Predation
    8. Scavenger
    9. Sleep (Level 2)

Organisms (900 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Animals (595 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

General classification (8 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Arthropod
  2. Bilateria
  3. Chordate
  4. Craniate
  5. Gnathostomata
  6. Invertebrate
  7. Tetrapod
  8. Vertebrate

Cnidarians (3 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Cnidaria
  2. Coral
  3. Jellyfish

Echinoderms (4 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Echinoderm
  2. Sea cucumber
  3. Sea urchin
  4. Starfish

Mollusks (10 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Mollusca
  2. Clam
    1. Mussel
    2. Oyster
    3. Scallop
  3. Octopus
  4. Squid
  5. Conch
  6. Slug
    1. Snail

Porifera (1 article)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Sponge

Arachnids (7 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Acari
  2. Arachnid
  3. Pseudoscorpion
  4. Scorpion
  5. Spider
    1. Tarantula
  6. Tick

Crustaceans (10 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Crustacean
  2. Astacus astacus
  3. Crab
  4. Decapoda
  5. Krill
  6. Lobster
  7. Malacostraca
  8. Ostracod
  9. Shrimp
  10. Woodlouse

Insects (61 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Insect (Level 3)
    1. Pterygota
  2. Cockroach
  3. Earwig
  4. Flea
  5. Louse
    1. Body louse
  6. Mantis
  7. Phasmatodea
  8. Termite
  9. Thrips
  10. Thysanura

Beetles (Coleoptera) (5 articles)

  1. Beetle
  2. Coccinellidae
  3. Dung beetle
  4. Firefly
  5. Weevil

Flies (Diptera) (10 articles)

  1. Fly
  2. Drosophila melanogaster
  3. Black fly
  4. Botfly
  5. Crane fly
  6. Calliphoridae
  7. Horse-fly
  8. Housefly
  9. Mosquito
  10. Tsetse fly

Hemiptera (true bugs) (7 articles)

  1. Hemiptera
  2. Cicada
  3. Bed bug
  4. Leafhopper
  5. Aphid
  6. Scale insect
  7. Whitefly

Hymenoptera (10 articles)

  1. Hymenoptera
  2. Ant
    1. Fire ant
    2. Carpenter ant
  3. Bee
    1. Bumblebee
    2. Africanized bee
    3. Western honey bee
  4. Wasp
    1. Hornet

Lepidoptera (8 articles)

  1. Lepidoptera
  2. Butterfly
  3. Bombyx mori
  4. Geometer moth
  5. Lymantria dispar dispar
  6. Moth
  7. Pieris brassicae
  8. Swallowtail butterfly

Odonata (3 articles)

  1. Odonata
  2. Damselfly
  3. Dragonfly

Orthoptera (6 articles)

  1. Orthoptera
  2. Cricket (insect)
  3. Grasshopper
  4. Mole cricket
  5. Locust
  6. Tettigoniidae

Arthropoda, others (9 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Trilobite

Hexapoda (2 articles)

  1. Hexapoda
  2. Springtail

Myriapoda (3 articles)

  1. Myriapoda
    1. Centipede
    2. Millipede

Chelicerata (3 articles)

  1. Chelicerata
  2. Eurypterid
  3. Xiphosura

Invertebrata, others (12 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Ecdysozoa (4 articles)

  1. Ecdysozoa
  2. Nematode
    1. Caenorhabditis elegans
  3. Tardigrade

Lophotrochozoa (6 articles)

  1. Lophotrochozoa
  2. Annelid
    1. Earthworm
    2. Leech
    3. Polychaete
  3. Bryozoa

Platyzoa (2 articles)

  1. Flatworm
    1. Cestoda

Agnatha (4 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Agnatha
  2. Hagfish
  3. Lamprey
  4. Ostracoderm

Fishes (96 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Fish (Level 3)
  2. Coral reef fish
  3. Deep sea fish
  4. Chondrichthyes
  5. Acanthodii
  6. Osteichthyes
    1. Actinopterygii
    2. Sarcopterygii
      1. Coelacanth
      2. Lungfish
  7. Placodermi
  8. Anglerfish
  9. Arapaima
  10. Chimaera
  11. Eel
  12. Electric eel
  13. Flying fish
  14. Milkfish
  15. Northern pike
  16. Oarfish
  17. Mullet
  18. Ophidiiformes
  19. Scorpaeniformes
  20. Stickleback

Batoidea (6 articles)

  1. Batoidea
  2. Stingray
  3. Manta ray
  4. Skate
  5. Sawfish
  6. Electric ray

Characiformes (3 articles)

  1. Characiformes
  2. Characidae
  3. Piranha

Chondrosteans (2 articles)

  1. Bichir
  2. Sturgeon

Clupeiformes (6 articles)

  1. Clupeiformes
  2. Anchovy
  3. Herring
  4. Ilish
  5. Sardine
  6. Sprat

Cypriniformes (8 articles)

  1. Cypriniformes
  2. Cyprinidae
    1. Carp
    2. Common carp
    3. Goldfish
    4. Grass carp
    5. Koi
    6. Silver carp

Cyprinodontiformes (2 articles)

  1. Cyprinodontiformes
  2. Guppy

Gadiformes (4 articles)

  1. Gadiformes
  2. Alaska pollock
  3. Cod
  4. Haddock

Osmeriformes (2 articles)

  1. Galaxiidae
  2. Smelt

Perciformes (17 articles)

  1. Perciformes
  2. Barracuda
  3. Cichlid
    1. Tilapia
  4. Goby
  5. Mackerel
  6. Marlin
  7. Mahi-mahi
  8. Serranidae
    1. European seabass
    2. Grouper
  9. Siamese fighting fish
  10. Swordfish
  11. Perch
  12. Remora
  13. Tuna
  14. Wrasse

Pleuronectiformes (5 articles)

  1. Flatfish
  2. Flounder
  3. Halibut
  4. Plaice
  5. Turbot

Salmoniformes (4 articles)

  1. Salmonidae
  2. Oncorhynchus
  3. Salmon
  4. Trout

Sharks (6 articles)

  1. Shark
  2. Great white shark
  3. Hammerhead shark
  4. Tiger shark
  5. Nurse shark
  6. Whale shark

Siluriformes (2 articles)

  1. Catfish
  2. Loricariidae

Syngnathiformes (2 articles)

  1. Syngnathiformes
  2. Seahorse

Tetraodontiformes (3 articles)

  1. Tetraodontiformes
  2. Ocean sunfish
  3. Tetraodontidae

Amphibians (10 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Amphibian (Level 3)
  2. American bullfrog
  3. Caecilian
  4. Frog
  5. Hylidae
  6. Leptodactylidae
  7. Newt
  8. Salamander
  9. Toad
  10. True frog

Reptiles (50 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Reptile (Level 3)
    1. Alligator
    2. Caiman
    3. Crocodile
  2. Lizard
    1. Chameleon
    2. Gecko
    3. Gila monster
    4. Green iguana
    5. Horned lizard
    6. Komodo dragon
    7. Skink
  3. Snake
    1. Agkistrodon contortrix
    2. Agkistrodon piscivorus
    3. Boidae
    4. Cobra
    5. Coral snake
    6. Garter snake
    7. Hydrophiinae
    8. Kingsnake
    9. Mamba
    10. Rattlesnake
    11. Vipera berus
  4. Tuatara
  5. Turtle
    1. Alligator snapping turtle
    2. Box turtle
    3. Common snapping turtle
    4. Painted turtle
    5. Red-eared slider
    6. Sea turtle
      1. Green sea turtle
      2. Leatherback sea turtle
      3. Loggerhead sea turtle
    7. Tortoise
      1. Galápagos tortoise

Dinosaurs and prehistoric reptiles (13 articles)

  1. Dinosaur (Level 3)
    1. Allosaurus
    2. Apatosaurus
    3. Diplodocus
    4. Iguanodon
    5. Stegosaurus
    6. Triceratops
    7. Tyrannosaurus
    8. Velociraptor
  2. Plesiosauria
  3. Pterosaur
  4. Synapsid
    1. Dimetrodon

Birds (127 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Basic bird articles (10 articles)

  1. Bird (Level 3)
  2. Seabird
  3. Bird of prey
  4. Palaeognathae
  5. Archaeopteryx
  6. Flamingo
  7. Hummingbird
  8. Loon
  9. Penguin
  10. Tinamou

Accipitriformes and Falconiformes (9 articles)

  1. Accipiter
  2. Eagle
    1. Golden eagle
  3. Falcon
    1. Peregrine falcon
  4. New World vulture
  5. Old World vulture
  6. Osprey
  7. Secretarybird

Anseriformes (5 articles)

  1. Anatidae
  2. Duck
    1. Mallard
  3. Goose
  4. Swan

Apodiformes (1 article)

  1. Swift

Caprimulgiformes (2 articles)

  1. Caprimulgiformes
  2. Nightjar

Charadriiformes (5 articles)

  1. Charadriiformes
  2. Auk
  3. Gull
  4. Sandpiper
  5. Tern

Ciconiiformes (4 articles)

  1. Heron
  2. Ibis
  3. Shoebill
  4. Stork

Columbiformes (4 articles)

  1. Columbidae
    1. Dodo
    2. Passenger pigeon
    3. Rock dove

Coraciiformes (3 articles)

  1. River kingfishers
  2. Hornbill
  3. Hoopoe

Cuculiformes (3 articles)

  1. Cuckoo
  2. Hoatzin
  3. Turaco

Galliformes (8 articles)

  1. Galliformes
  2. Chicken
  3. Grouse
  4. Guineafowl
  5. Peafowl
  6. Common pheasant
  7. Common quail
  8. Domesticated turkey

Gruiformes (4 articles)

  1. Gruiformes
  2. Crane (bird)
  3. Bustard
  4. Rallidae

Passerines (40 articles)

  1. Passerine
  2. Songbird

Corvoidea (9 articles)

  1. Bird-of-paradise
  2. Bowerbird
  3. Corvidae
    1. Corvus
      1. Common raven
    2. Eurasian magpie
  4. Honeyeater
  5. Lyrebird
  6. Shrike

Passerida (25 articles)

  1. Bulbul
  2. Cardinal
  3. Emberizidae
  4. Estrildid finch
  5. Finch
  6. Icterid
  7. Lark
  8. Mockingbird
  9. New World warbler
  10. Old World flycatcher
    1. European robin
    2. Common nightingale
  11. Ploceidae
  12. Sparrow
    1. House sparrow
  13. Starling
    1. Common myna
    2. Common starling
  14. Sunbird
  15. Swallow
  16. Tanager
  17. Tit
  18. Thrush
    1. American robin
  19. Wren

Tyranni (4 articles)

  1. Tyranni
  2. Antbird
  3. Ovenbird (family)
  4. Tyrant flycatcher

Pelecaniformes (5 articles)

  1. Cormorant
  2. Darter
  3. Frigatebird
  4. Pelican
  5. Sulidae

Piciformes (4 articles)

  1. Piciformes
  2. Honeyguide
  3. Toucan
  4. Woodpecker

Procellariiformes (3 articles)

  1. Procellariiformes
  2. Albatross
  3. Procellariidae

Psittaciformes (6 articles)

  1. Parrot
  2. Ara
  3. Budgerigar
  4. Cockatoo
  5. New Zealand parrot
  6. Lories and lorikeets

Ratites (6 articles)

  1. Cassowary
  2. Emu
  3. Kiwi
  4. Moa
  5. Ostrich
  6. Rhea

Strigiformes (3 articles)

  1. Owl
    1. Eurasian eagle-owl
    2. Barn owl

Trogoniformes (2 articles)

  1. Trogon
  2. Resplendent quetzal

Mammals (160 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Mammal (Level 3)
  2. Aardvark
  3. Armadillo
  4. Hyrax
  5. Pangolin
  6. Sirenia

Bats (5 articles)

  1. Bat
  2. Megabat
  3. Microbat
  4. Pteropus
  5. Vampire bat

Carnivora (36 articles)

  1. Carnivora
  2. Bear
    1. Brown bear
    2. Giant panda
    3. Polar bear
  3. Canidae
    1. Dog (Level 3)
    2. Fox
    3. Coyote
    4. Gray wolf
    5. Jackal
  4. Felidae
    1. Cat
    2. Cheetah
    3. Cougar
    4. Jaguar
    5. Leopard
    6. Lion
    7. Lynx
    8. Smilodon
    9. Tiger
  5. Hyena
  6. Mongoose
  7. Mustelidae
    1. European badger
    2. Honey badger
    3. Marten
    4. Otter
    5. Sable
    6. Sea otter
    7. Stoat
    8. Weasel
    9. Wolverine
  8. Procyonidae
  9. Skunk
  10. Viverridae

Cetaceans (8 articles)

  1. Cetacea
  2. Whale
  3. Blue whale
  4. Dolphin
  5. Humpback whale
  6. Killer whale
  7. Porpoise
  8. Sperm whale

Erinaceids (1 article)

  1. Hedgehog

Even-toed ungulates (35 articles)

  1. Even-toed ungulate
  2. Alpaca
  3. Wild boar
  4. Bovidae
    1. African buffalo
    2. American bison
    3. Antelope
    4. Capra
    5. Cattle (Level 3)
    6. Gazelle
    7. Gaur
    8. Goat
    9. Impala
    10. Muskox
    11. Sheep
    12. Water buffalo
    13. Wildebeest
    14. European bison
    15. Yak
  5. Camel
    1. Bactrian camel
    2. Dromedary
  6. Deer
    1. Elk
    2. Moose
    3. Red deer
    4. Reindeer
  7. Llama
  8. Giraffe
  9. Guanaco
  10. Hippopotamus
  11. Peccary
  12. Domestic pig
  13. Pronghorn
  14. Vicuña

Lagomorphs (3 articles)

  1. Lagomorpha
  2. Hare
  3. Rabbit

Marsupials (8 articles)

  1. Marsupial
  2. Diprotodontia
    1. Kangaroo
    2. Koala
  3. Dasyuromorphia
    1. Tasmanian devil
  4. Opossum
  5. Peramelemorphia

Monotremes (3 articles)

  1. Monotreme
  2. Echidna
  3. Platypus

Odd-toed ungulates (7 articles)

  1. Odd-toed ungulate
  2. Donkey
  3. Equidae
  4. Horse (Level 3)
  5. Rhinoceros
  6. Tapir
  7. Zebra

Pilosa (2 articles)

  1. Anteater
  2. Sloth

Pinnipeds (4 articles)

  1. Pinniped
  2. Eared seal
  3. Earless seal
  4. Walrus

Primates (22 articles)

  1. Primate
  2. Monkey
  3. Ape
    1. Chimpanzee
      1. Common chimpanzee
      2. Bonobo
    2. Gibbon
    3. Gorilla
    4. Orangutan
    5. Human (Level 1)
  4. New World monkey
    1. Capuchin monkey
    2. Spider monkey
  5. Old World monkey
    1. Baboon
    2. Macaque
    3. Rhesus macaque
  6. Strepsirrhini
    1. Slow loris
    2. Galago
    3. Lemur
  7. Tarsier

Proboscidea (3 articles)

  1. Proboscidea
  2. Elephant
  3. Mammoth

Rodents (15 articles)

  1. Rodent
  2. Capybara
  3. Coypu
  4. Beaver
  5. Dormouse
  6. Guinea pig
  7. Hamster
  8. Marmot
  9. Mouse
  10. Muridae
  11. Muskrat
  12. Porcupine
  13. Rat
    1. Brown rat
  14. Squirrel

Soricomorpha (2 articles)

  1. Shrew
    1. Mole (animal)

Animal breeds and hybrids (23 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Cats (2 articles)

  1. Siamese cat
  2. Manx cat

Cattle (3 articles)

  1. Brahman (cattle)
  2. Hereford (cattle)
  3. Holstein Friesian cattle

Dogs (8 articles)

  1. Beagle
  2. Dachshund
  3. Great Dane
  4. Greyhound
  5. Retriever
  6. German Shepherd
  7. Shih Tzu
  8. Terrier

Horses (8 articles)

  1. Arabian horse
  2. Andalusian horse
  3. Appaloosa
  4. Clydesdale horse
  5. Friesian horse
  6. Lipizzan
  7. Thoroughbred
  8. Pony

Hybrids (1 article)

  1. Mule

Sheep (1 article)

  1. Merino

Plants (260 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Non-flowering plants (25 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Green algae (3 articles)

  1. Green algae
  2. Charophyta
  3. Chlorophyta

Bryophytes (5 articles)

  1. Bryophyte
  2. Hornwort
  3. Marchantiophyta
  4. Moss
    1. Sphagnum

Pteridophytes (4 articles)

  1. Pteridophyte
  2. Fern
    1. Equisetum
  3. Lycopodiophyta

Gymnosperms (3 articles)

  1. Gymnosperm
  2. Cycad
  3. Ginkgo biloba

Pinophyta (conifers) (10 articles)

  1. Pinophyta
  2. Cedrus
  3. Cupressus
  4. Douglas fir
  5. Fir
  6. Juniper
  7. Pine
  8. Podocarpus
  9. Sequoioideae
  10. Spruce

Monocots (34 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Monocotyledon

Alismatales (3 articles)

  1. Araceae
    1. Anthurium
    2. Philodendron

Arecales (1 article)

  1. Arecaceae

Asparagales (10 articles)

  1. Agave
  2. Aloe
  3. Amaryllis
  4. Gladiolus
  5. Iridaceae
    1. Iris
  6. Lily of the valley
  7. Narcissus
  8. Orchidaceae
  9. Yucca

Commelinales (1 article)

  1. Eichhornia crassipes

Liliales (5 articles)

  1. Alstroemeria
  2. Colchicum
  3. Liliaceae
    1. Lilium
    2. Tulip

Pandanales (2 articles)

  1. Pandanaceae
    1. Pandanus

Poales (9 articles)

  1. Bromeliaceae
    1. Puya
    2. Spanish moss
  2. Cyperaceae
  3. Juncus
  4. Poaceae
    1. Bamboo
    2. Sugarcane
  5. Typha

Zingiberales (2 articles)

  1. Canna
  2. Heliconia

Non-monocots (67 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Eudicots
  2. Magnoliids

Apiales (2 articles)

  1. Apiaceae
  2. Hedera

Asterales (11 articles)

  1. Asteraceae
    1. Bellis perennis
    2. Chrysanthemum
    3. Cirsium
    4. Dahlia
    5. Goldenrod
    6. Helianthus
    7. Sonchus
    8. Tagetes
    9. Taraxacum
  2. Campanulaceae

Brassicales (2 articles)

  1. Arabidopsis thaliana
  2. Tropaeolum

Caryophyllales (1 article)

  1. Cactus

Cornales (1 article)

  1. Cornus

Cucurbitales (1 article)

  1. Cucurbitaceae

Ericales (8 articles)

  1. Diospyros
  2. Ericaceae
    1. Rhododendron
      1. Azalea
  3. Theaceae
    1. Camellia
  4. Impatiens
  5. Primulaceae

Fabales (2 articles)

  1. Fabaceae
    1. Mimosa

Fagales (5 articles)

  1. Alder
  2. Beech
  3. Birch
  4. Hickory
  5. Oak

Gentianales (3 articles)

  1. Apocynaceae
  2. Gardenia
  3. Rubiaceae

Lamiales (6 articles)

  1. Lamiaceae
  2. Oleaceae
    1. Fraxinus
  3. Salvia
  4. Sesame
  5. Verbena

Malpighiales (5 articles)

  1. Euphorbiaceae
  2. Flax
  3. Poinsettia
  4. Viola
  5. Willow

Malvales (2 articles)

  1. Malvaceae
    1. Adansonia

Myrtales (4 articles)

  1. Henna
  2. Melastomataceae
  3. Myrtaceae
    1. Eucalyptus

Proteales (3 articles)

  1. Proteaceae
  2. Nelumbo
  3. Platanus

Rosales (6 articles)

  1. Cannabis
  2. Elm
  3. Moraceae
    1. Ficus sycomorus
  4. Rosaceae
    1. Rose

Sapindales (2 articles)

  1. Mahogany
  2. Maple

Solanales (1 article)

  1. Convolvulaceae

Edible fruits (50 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Culinary fruits (38 articles)

  1. Apple
  2. Apricot
  3. Avocado
  4. Banana
  5. Blackberry
  6. Blackcurrant
  7. Blueberry
  8. Cherry
  9. Citrus
    1. Grapefruit
    2. Kumquat
    3. Lemon
    4. Lime
    5. Orange
    6. Tangerine
  10. Common fig
  11. Cranberry
  12. Date palm
  13. Durian
  14. Grape
  15. Guava
  16. Jackfruit
  17. Kiwifruit
  18. Lychee
  19. Mango
  20. Morus
  21. Muskmelon
  22. Olive
  23. Papaya
  24. Peach
  25. Pear
  26. Pineapple
  27. Plum
  28. Pomegranate
  29. Raspberry
  30. Strawberry
  31. Tamarind
  32. Watermelon

Botanical fruits used as culinary vegetables (12 articles)

  1. Bell pepper
  2. Breadfruit
  3. Chili pepper
  4. Cooking plantain
  5. Cucumber
  6. Cucurbita
    1. Pumpkin
    2. Zucchini
  7. Eggplant
  8. Green bean
  9. Okra
  10. Tomato

Edible seeds, grains, nuts (pulses) (30 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Grains (10 articles)

  1. Barley
  2. Maize (Level 3)
  3. Millet
  4. Oat
  5. Rice (Level 3)
    1. Oryza sativa
  6. Rye
  7. Sorghum
  8. Wheat (Level 3)
    1. Common wheat

Pseudocereals (3 articles)

  1. Amaranth
  2. Buckwheat
  3. Quinoa

Nuts (8 articles)

  1. Almond
  2. Brazil nut
  3. Cashew
  4. Chestnut
  5. Hazelnut
  6. Macadamia
  7. Pecan
  8. Walnut

Pulses (9 articles)

  1. Bean
    1. Vicia faba
    2. Phaseolus lunatus
    3. Soybean (Level 3)
    4. Phaseolus vulgaris
  2. Chickpea
  3. Lentil
  4. Pea
  5. Peanut

Vegetables (54 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Vegetable (Level 3)

Leafy vegetables (9 articles)

  1. Eruca sativa
  2. Cabbage
  3. Chard
  4. Chinese cabbage
  5. Collard greens
  6. Kale
  7. Lettuce
  8. Rapeseed
  9. Spinach

Root vegetables (5 articles)

  1. Arrowroot
  2. Beetroot
  3. Carrot
  4. Cassava
  5. Daikon
  6. Onion
  7. Parsnip
  8. Potato (Level 3)
  9. Radish
  10. Rutabaga
  11. Sugar beet
  12. Sweet potato
  13. Taro
  14. Turnip
  15. Yam

Other vegetables (9 articles)'

  1. Artichoke
  2. Asparagus
  3. Broccoli
  4. Cauliflower
  5. Celery
  6. Chicory
  7. Coconut
  8. Kohlrabi
  9. Leek

Herbs and spices (20 articles)

  1. Anise
  2. Basil
  3. Black pepper
  4. Cardamom
  5. Cinnamon
  6. Clove
  7. Cumin
  8. Fennel
  9. Garlic
  10. Ginger
  11. Ginseng
  12. Horseradish
  13. Lavandula
  14. Liquorice
  15. Mentha
  16. Nutmeg
  17. Parsley
  18. Saffron
  19. Thyme
  20. Vanilla

Fungi (14 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Fungus (Level 3)
  2. Mushroom
  3. Yeast
  4. Ascomycota
  5. Basidiomycota
  6. Zygomycota

Edible fungi (6 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Agaricus
  2. Boletus edulis
  3. Chanterelle
  4. Pleurotus ostreatus
  5. Shiitake
  6. Truffle

Poisonous fungi (2 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Amanita muscaria
  2. Amanita phalloides

Other organisms (31 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Eukaryote (Level 3)
  2. Plankton
  3. Protist
  4. Paramecium
  5. Prokaryote
    1. Archaea (Level 3)
    2. Bacteria (Level 3)
      1. Cyanobacteria
      2. Escherichia coli
      3. Staphylococcus aureus
  6. Rhizaria
  7. Excavate
    1. Euglenozoa
  8. Algae (Level 3)
    1. Red algae
    2. Seaweed
  9. Chromalveolata
    1. Heterokont
      1. Brown algae
        1. Kelp
      2. Diatom
    2. Haptophyte
    3. Cryptomonad
    4. Alveolate
      1. Dinoflagellate
  10. Lichen
  11. Amoebozoa
  12. Slime mold
  13. Virus (Level 3)
    1. HIV
    2. Tobacco mosaic virus

Health, medicine and disease (240 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Health and fitness (31 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Health (Level 3)
    1. Mental health
  2. Physical fitness
    1. Body mass index
    2. Physical exercise (Level 3)
    3. Hygiene
      1. Bathing
      2. Oral hygiene
    4. Obesity (Level 3)
    5. Weight loss
  3. Ageing (Level 3)
  4. Breastfeeding
  5. Drug (Level 3)
    1. Tobacco
    2. Opium
    3. Cannabis
  6. Fertilisation
  7. Nutrition (Level 3)
    1. Diet
    2. Dietary supplement
    3. Food group
    4. Hunger
    5. Malnutrition (Level 3)
    6. Vitamin
  8. Substance abuse
    1. Addiction (Level 3)
    2. Alcoholism (Level 3)
    3. Substance dependence
  9. Smoking (Level 3)
    1. Cigarette
  10. Stress (biology)

Medicine (117 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

See also "Biology" for e.g. anatomy

General concepts (29 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Medicine (Level 2)
    1. First aid
    2. Health care
    3. Veterinary medicine
  2. Physician
    1. Nursing
  3. Coma
    1. Persistent vegetative state
  4. Injury
    1. Blunt trauma
    2. Bone fracture
    3. Bruise
    4. Burn
    5. Frostbite
    6. Wound
  5. Major trauma (Level 3)
    1. Aneurysm
    2. Brain damage
      1. Concussion
    3. Bleeding
    4. Cardiac arrest
    5. Hypoxia
    6. Inflammation
    7. Respiratory failure
    8. Shock
    9. Stroke (Level 3)
  6. Poison
    1. Toxin
  7. Syndrome

Medical procedures (23 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Anesthesia (Level 3)
  2. Medical diagnosis
  3. Medical test
  4. Palliative care
  5. Plastic surgery
  6. Physical examination
    1. Autopsy
    2. Biopsy
    3. Blood pressure
    4. Blood test
    5. Eye examination
    6. Lumbar puncture
    7. Pap test
    8. Pulse
    9. Reflex
  7. Sterilization
  8. Therapy
    1. Chemotherapy
    2. Organ transplantation
    3. Physical therapy
    4. Radiation therapy
    5. Surgery (Level 3)
    6. Symptomatic treatment

Disabilities (8 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Visual impairment
  2. Cerebral palsy
  3. Color blindness
  4. Down syndrome
  5. Dyslexia
  6. Hearing loss
  7. Intellectual disability
  8. Physical disability

Human anatomy (11 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Human body (Level 3)
  2. Arm
  3. Face
  4. Foot
  5. Hand
  6. Human brain
  7. Human eye
  8. Human gastrointestinal tract
  9. Human leg
  10. Human skeleton
  11. Human tooth

Fields of medicine (46 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Alternative medicine
    1. Acupuncture
    2. Chiropractic
    3. Herbalism
    4. Homeopathy
  2. Angiology
  3. Cardiology
  4. Dentistry (Level 3)
    1. Dental caries
    2. Dental restoration
    3. Root canal
    4. Toothache
  5. Dermatology
  6. Gastroenterology
  7. Geriatrics
  8. Hematology
  9. Immunology
  10. Neurology
  11. Obstetrics and gynaecology
  12. Oncology
  13. Ophthalmology
  14. Otorhinolaryngology
  15. Pediatrics
  16. Pharmacology
    1. Antibiotics (Level 3)
    2. Penicillin
    3. Pharmacokinetics
    4. Placebo
  17. Pharmacy
    1. Analgesic
    2. Pharmaceutical drug (Level 3)
    3. Pharmacist
    4. Prescription drug
  18. Psychiatry
  19. Public health
    1. Epidemiology
    2. Preventive healthcare
  20. Pulmonology
  21. Radiology
  22. Reproductive health
  23. Toxicology
  24. Traditional medicine
    1. Ayurveda
  25. Urology
  26. Vaccination
    1. Vaccine (Level 3)

Disease (93 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

Disease (22 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Disease (Level 2)
  2. Allergy (Level 3)
  3. Alzheimer's disease (Level 3)
  4. Arthritis
  5. Asthma (Level 3)
  6. Autoimmune disease
  7. Bronchitis
  8. Cardiovascular disease
  9. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  10. Cirrhosis
  11. Dementia
  12. Diabetes mellitus (Level 3)
  13. Diarrhea
  14. Epilepsy
  15. Gout
  16. Hepatitis
  17. Hypertension
  18. Meningitis (Level 3)
  19. Migraine
  20. Multiple sclerosis
  21. Myocardial infarction (Level 3)
  22. Parkinson's disease

Cancer (12 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Brain tumor
  2. Cancer (Level 3)
  3. Carcinogen
  4. Breast cancer
  5. Colorectal cancer
  6. Leukemia
  7. Lung cancer
  8. Lymphoma
  9. Neoplasm
  10. Prostate cancer
  11. Skin cancer
    1. Melanoma

Foodborne illness (5 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Foodborne illness
  2. Botulism
  3. Mushroom poisoning
  4. Salmonella
  5. Typhoid fever

Infectious disease (41 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Infection
  2. Pathogen
  3. Anthrax
  4. Bubonic plague
  5. Chickenpox
  6. Cholera
  7. Common cold (Level 3)
  8. Dengue fever
  9. Diphtheria
  10. Dysentery
  11. Ebola virus disease
  12. Encephalitis
  13. Gangrene
  14. Gastroenteritis (Level 3)
  15. Hand, foot and mouth disease
  16. Influenza (Level 3)
  17. Leprosy
  18. Lyme disease
  19. Malaria (Level 3)
  20. Measles
  21. Mumps
  22. Pertussis
  23. Pneumonia (Level 3)
  24. Poliomyelitis
  25. Prion
  26. Rabies
  27. Scabies
  28. Scarlet fever
  29. Severe acute respiratory syndrome
  30. Sexually transmitted infection (Level 3)
    1. Gonorrhea
    2. Herpes simplex
    3. HIV/AIDS (Level 3)
    4. Syphilis
  31. Smallpox (Level 3)
  32. Tetanus
  33. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
  34. Tuberculosis (Level 3)
  35. Typhus
  36. West Nile virus
  37. Yellow fever

Mental illness (13 articles)[തിരുത്തുക]

  1. Mental disorder (Level 3)
  2. Anorexia nervosa
  3. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
  4. Autism (Level 3)
  5. Bipolar disorder
  6. Major depressive disorder (Level 3)
  7. Neurosis
  8. Pedophilia
  9. Posttraumatic stress disorder
  10. Psychosis
    1. Delusion
    2. Hallucination
  11. Schizophrenia


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