ഫലകം:Infobox copper

Copper, ₂₉Cu

Native copper (~4 cm in size)
Copper
Appearance	metallic bronze
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Cu)	63.546(3)
Copper in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson - ↑ Cu ↓ Ag nickel ← copper → zinc
Atomic number (Z)	29
Group	group 11
Period	period 4
Block	d-block
Element category	Transition metal
Electron configuration	[Ar] 3d10 4s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1357.77 K ​(1084.62 °C, ​1984.32 °F)
Boiling point	2835 K ​(2562 °C, ​4643 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	8.96 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	8.02 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	13.26 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	300.4 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.440 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1509 1661 1850 2089 2404 2836
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−2, +1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.90
Ionization energies	(more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 135 pm calculated: 145 pm
Covalent radius	138 pm
Van der Waals radius	140 pm
Spectral lines of copper
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	(annealed) 3810 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	16.5 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	401 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	16.78 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Young's modulus	110 - 128 GPa
Shear modulus	48 GPa
Bulk modulus	140 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.34
Mohs hardness	3.0
Vickers hardness	369 MPa
Brinell hardness	874 MPa
CAS Number	7440-50-8
Main isotopes of copper
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 63Cu 69.15% stable 65Cu 30.85% stable

Cu data m.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	1084.62	—	—
K	1357.77	1,357.77
F	1984.32	1,984.32
WD	1981 ഫാരൺഹീറ്റ് 1083 സെൽഷ്യസ്
input	C: 1084.62, K: 1357.77, F: 1984.32
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Cu data b.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	2562	—	—
K	2835	2,835
F	4643	4,644
WD	4703 ഫാരൺഹീറ്റ് 2595 സെൽഷ്യസ്
input	C: 2562, K: 2835, F: 4643
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